Such
was Athens in relation to different islands; and such is at present
(1796) the relation of Great Britain to Ireland.
Still less can slavery be deduced as a rightful institution, from
the conquest of a people in war; for this would assume that the war
was of a punitive nature. And least of all can a basis be found in war
for a hereditary slavery, which is absurd in itself, since guilt
cannot be inherited from the criminality of another.
Further, that an amnesty is involved in the conclusion of a treaty
of peace is already implied in the very idea of a peace.
59. The Rights of Peace.
The rights of peace are:
1. The right to be in peace when war is in the neighbourhood, or the
right of neutrality.
2. The right to have peace secured so that it may continue when it
has been concluded, that is, the right of guarantee.
3. The right of the several states to enter into a mutual
alliance, so as to defend themselves in common against all external or
even internal attacks. This right of federation, however, does not
extend to the formation of any league for external aggression or
internal aggrandizement.
60. Right as against an Unjust Enemy.
The right of a state against an unjust enemy has no limits, at least
in respect of quality as distinguished from quantity or degree.
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