Among these forbidden means are to be
reckoned the appointment of subjects to act as spies, or engaging
subjects or even strangers to act as assassins, or poisoners (in which
class might well be included the so called sharpshooters who lurk in
ambush for individuals), or even employing agents to spread false
news. In a word, it is forbidden to use any such malignant and
perfidious means as would destroy the confidence which would be
requisite to establish a lasting peace thereafter.
It is permissible in war to impose exactions and contributions
upon a conquered enemy; but it is not legitimate to plunder the people
in the way of forcibly depriving individuals of their property. For
this would be robbery, seeing it was not the conquered people but
the state under whose government they were placed that carried on
the war by means of them. All exactions should be raised by regular
requisition, and receipts ought to be given for them, in order that
when peace is restored the burden imposed on the country or the
province may be proportionately borne.
58. Right after War.
The right that follows after war, begins at the moment of the treaty
of peace and refers to the consequences of the war. The conqueror lays
down the conditions under which he will agree with the conquered power
to form the conclusion of peace.
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